Course Overview
NTGreek In Session is a course in progress that will prepare anyone yearning to read the Greek New Testament. It is being prepared for young and older adults who may not have the ability to receive instruction at a university, Bible college, or seminary. Anyone who has an average intelligence may participate, no matter what age. Many home schools with teenagers find the course materials beneficial because of the prepared study aids which accompany every lesson.
All course material is offered by supported web pages and Adobe Acrobat PDF documents. The Adobe Acrobat Reader software is free and allows all major computer platforms to view, edit and print these files. All PDF links open in a new window. Most lessons have accompanying MP3 audio files. The SPIonic Greek font is required to properly view the PDF lessons. It too is free to download. The lessons are not available in other formats other than just outline, including CDs, DVDs, etc. The most current lessons and supporting materials are always available from the server
Navigation between the different lessons is by the menu at the top of the page. When the cursor hovers over a lesson number, a sliding window reveals the lesson's content. Be sure also to read "Why Study NTGreek?" and "Preliminaries" before beginning on Lesson 1.
There are extended study aids available for each lesson. These exercises are located on each lesson's web page under three levels of difficulty. They reinforce the material presented in the lessons. An answer key is provided when necessary. It is recommended to begin with the least difficult exercises in Level One and proceed through Level Three to receive the maximum benefit from the exercises.
If you should find a typo or what you think is a mistake in a lesson, please do not hesitate to leave a message. I welcome all suggestions and comments. Also, I find it encouraging to hear how you are progressing through the lessons.
I encourage you to join the notification service. You will be notified by email ASAP when NTGreek In Session has been updated. Once joined, you may update your email address or unsubscribe at any time. By joining this service, you will NEVER receive any advertisements to purchase something. Many voluntary opt-in services are thinly veiled scams to fill up your email box with flyers to buy something and/or sell your email address to associate vendors for profit. I think this tactic is wholly wrong. The sole purpose for this service is to notify you when NTGreek In Session has been updated. It is that simple.
All monetary investments to the further development of these lessons are deeply appreciated. Besides the time to update the web pages, hundreds of hours are required to prepare each lesson and all supporting exercises. All donations are processed on a secure server where your personal information and payment is protected. There is no such thing as a donation that is too small. Act today to donate and make a difference for tomorrow!
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The following Greek lessons are those presently available. In addition to these lessons, complimentary study aids are available, including further instructional materials, tutorials, exercises, quizzes, and comprehensive examinations. The lessons that do not have links are being updated.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Why should anyone take the time and effort to learn New Testament Greek? There are dozens of widely accepted English translations for us to use, and a plethora of commentaries on every part of Scripture. So why learn Greek?
This short introduction describes the phonemic system, Greek font, course deployment, NTGreek Forum, and the course numerical structure used in NTGreek In Session. The Greek Alphabet (Module A) Lesson One introduces the sight and sounds of the twenty-four Greek alphabetical characters. These same letters are further developed in later lessons in combination with one another. Learning New Testament Greek begins by correctly pronouncing and writing the Greek characters. The Greek Alphabet (Module B) Lesson Two examines the similarities and dissimilarities between the Greek and English alphabetical letters and their phonemes to aid between what is known (English) and what is new (Greek). Sight and Sounds of Words (Module A) Lesson Three is the third part of a five-part series that examines Greek phonology. It lays the foundation for the student's consistent and proper phonetic pronunciation of Greek words. Phonics is the study between letters and their speech sounds. It may also be thought as the letter-to-sound relationships in a language. It is a very helpful method of learning to pronounce the correct sound with the letter or letter combinations they represent. Phonics is to the letter-to-sound relationship in words as a written musical note is to its corresponding instrumental sound. Sight and Sounds of Words (Module B) Lesson Four is the fourth of a five-part series on Greek phonology. It focuses on the seventeen Greek consonants. The consonants may be best learned by understanding their relationship to one another in several ways. Perhaps the most functional phonetic classification is according to what speech organ (throat, teeth and lips) is used in their pronunciation. In this lesson, the seventeen Greek consonants are studied and divided into two broad categories: the nine stops and the twelve continuants. These two broad categories are again subdivided according to the nature of the sound and vocal organs used in producing them. Sight and Sounds of Words (Module C) Lesson Five concludes an introductory five-part study of Greek phonology. This lesson focuses on the vowel sounds, including the diphthongs and their phonetic relationship with words beginning with other vowel sounds, and several editorial diacritical phonetic markings associated with vowels and diphthongs
Second Declension Nouns (Module A) Lesson Six begins a multi-part series exploring the Greek inflected nominal system. Greek nouns, adjectives, pronouns and pronominal adjectives share inflectional characteristics and patterns, and so constitute the nominal system, as do participles in several respects. The verbal system will also be introduced in this series of lessons, but not fully developed until later. It is essential to gain a thorough familiarity with the full range of nominal morphological forms in order to be proficient in NTGreek.
Second Declension Nouns (Module B) Lesson Seven continues the study of the Greek nominal system as it relates to second declension nouns. Lesson Six laid foundational basics concerning Greek inflection as it pertained to masculine nouns in this declension. Lesson Seven continues with second declension nouns, examining feminine and neuter nouns. Because this is the final lesson in second declension nouns, an extensive review is included.
First Declension Nouns (Module A) Nouns of the first declension are introduced. Nouns of this declension will also have different paradigms as they inflect for case, gender and number. However, the pattern of first declension noun endings will differ from those of the second declension. There are eight paradigms in the first declension. However, only three of these eight paradigms will be examined in this lesson, with the remaining five to be studied in Lesson Nine.
First Declension Nouns (Module B) Including proper names, NTGreek contains two hundred and ten masculine nouns that belong to the first declension. As to be expected, masculine nouns of this declension display different singular case endings than those of feminine nouns in the same declension. These differences and their paradigms are the primary focus of this lesson.
Noun Accent The basis of a word’s accent is regulated by principles of intonation. Knowledge of accents will consistently help to pronounce a word properly. In other instances, accents aid to distinguish between words or cases. To learn NTGreek effectively, the ear and voice need to carry as much of the burden as possible, and not only the eye.
Review The purpose of this lesson is to condense and refine the essential information by the formulation of rules required to understand first and second declension nouns, and summarize fundamental morphology concerning these declensions. Six of eight noun rules are presented in this lesson. The last two rules pertain to third declension nouns, and therefore reserved until these nouns are studied.
Adjectives Lessons 9 through eleven focused on nouns, specifically first and second declension nouns. Nouns name or designate a person, thing, or quality and form the nominal nucleus of a language. However, if it was not for another vital part of speech, the adjective, nouns would lack vividness as to definiteness, shape, size, quantity, color, and texture—words that describe nouns that otherwise would be general or bland.
Pronouns (Module A) The personal pronoun is one of nine classes of pronouns in NTGreek that comprise more than eight percent of all words in NTGreek. The other eight classes of pronouns are demonstrative, relative, indefinite, interrogative, possessive, reciprocal, reflexive, and negative. After the article, the personal pronoun paradigms are the most important to memorize.
Pronouns (Module B) This lesson targets the demonstrative pronouns: some of "this", and some of "that". Like personal pronouns, demonstrative pronouns are used frequently in NTGreek. With each new part of speech learned, every vocabulary word mastered, the goal grows increasingly closer. The big picture is to learn NTGreek; the difficult intermediate step is to become skilled in the Greek nominal inflectional system, of which demonstrative pronouns, like other pronouns, form an integral part of NTGreek.
Pronouns (Module C) Reflexive and reciprocal pronouns, and possessive adjectives bring our formal study of first and second declension inflectional forms to an end. Although relative pronouns also share these declensional forms, they will not be introduced until dependent clauses are studied. Other pronouns are patterned after third declension nouns. These too will be studied in a future lesson after third declension nouns and adjectives are introduced.
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